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Formula One Management made its reluctance to expand the grid from 10 teams to 11 unequivocally clear last year.

The FIA, the governing body of motorsport, approved Andretti’s application in October 2023. But three months later F1’s commercial rights holder FOM turned up its nose and turned down Andretti. An expansion of F1’s 20-car grid “would not, in and of itself, provide value to the championship” it sniffed while closing the door.

Eventually, FOM dropped its obstruction and, last week, confirmed an 11th team would be allowed in. Exactly why it changed its position is a matter of some conjecture.

FOM made a song and dance about the team being rebranded by General Motors, but that looked like smoke and mirrors. Andretti brought Cadillac on board two months before FOM’s initial rebuff.

Was the real problem a clash of personalities between former Liberty Media CEO Greg Maffei and Andretti team founder Michael Andretti, both of whom moved on from their positions last year? Did pressure from the United States Congress, at a time when Liberty has other headaches with legislators, tip the balance?

Start, Yas Marina, 2016
F1 will have its first 22-car grid since 2016 next year

Regardless, this was a total about-face from F1, and not the first on Liberty’s watch. And, like many of those which preceded it, it’s a change for the better.

See also: The bonus point for fastest lap, which F1 has canned for this season, six years after introducing it. At the time FOM declared awarding a point to the driver who set the fastest lap time in a race (provided they finished in the top 10) would achieve that hallowed goal to which all must be sacrificed: “Improve the show.”

Of course, it didn’t. As many pointed out before the rule’s introduction (strictly speaking, reintroduction), it was a triviality which added little besides occasional confusion.

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That in itself was not much to complain about. For the most part, the bonus point for fastest lap was easily overlooked. But then it became a bone of contention which pointed towards a deeper problem for which FOM doesn’t have a fix, and getting rid of it proved a sticking plaster solution.

Valtteri Bottas, Mercedes, Albert Park, 2019
Feature: F1’s bonus point for fastest lap is dead. Will anyone notice it’s gone?

The most objectionable aspect of the bonus point for fastest lap was not the rule itself but the manner in which FOM went from proclaiming it would be great and declaring it was enormously popular – a decidedly doubtful claim – to suddenly dropping it without a word of explanation for months.

Imposing the bonus point for fastest lap and ignoring the many reasonable objections which were voiced to it (which have now been vindicated) was arrogant. In blocking Andretti, and in particular by questioning their lack of name recognition, F1 showed a dismaying lack of respect for the 16th world champion’s family. It also demonstrated a failure to understand that F1’s appeal as a ‘show’ ultimately rests on it being regarded as a true competition, not a closed club.

These aren’t the only occasions FOM has given up on one of its innovations or policies, however reluctantly. Starting races 10 minutes past the hour was quietly dropped. Two experiments with pre-race driver introductions, the last of which was supposed to be the first of many, came and went.

Of course not all of the changes to F1 since Liberty Media arrived have been undesirable – far from it. They have introduced some worthwhile innovations which have broadened F1’s appeal, by using new channels such as Netflix, embracing digital media and creating its own live streaming service. Not to mention promoting women as competitors instead of treating them as mere furniture.

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Still, a few more U-turns would be welcome. The new rule forcing two tyre changes per driver at Monaco, introduced after F1 CEO Stefano Domenicali’s criticism of last year’s race at the principality, has all the hallmarks of a knee-jerk rule change which will produce unforeseen and undesirable consequences.

But that pales next to Liberty Media’s greatest folly: Sprint races. Or, as FOM insists on calling them, ‘sprints’, despite the fact that drivers, by their own admission, do little sprinting in them.

Even the competitors struggle to summon any enthusiasm for these forgettable sideshows arbitrarily inflicted on a handful of rounds. Drivers say they ‘don’t like them’, they ‘mean nothing’, call sprint pole positions ‘not proper’ triumphs and race victories ‘not real wins’.

F1 is deluding itself by pretending there will ever be great enthusiasm for a competition which the competitors obviously have such low regard for. Make this the next U-turn, please, FOM.

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Cadillac will be the first new Formula 1 team in a decade when it joins the grid next year.

Graeme Lowden, their team principal, understands the scale of the challenge as he has experienced it before. His most recent F1 experience was at the team known as Virgin when it entered F1 15 years ago.

Although it outlasted its fellow 2010 newcomers Lotus (later Caterham) and HRT, Lowden’s last team fell into administration at the end of 2016. Virgin went through three different identities in six years as different backers came and went.

But Cadillac will benefit enormously from the backing of US carmaking giant General Motors and input from sports group TWG, according to Lowden. “Far the biggest thing that’s been helpful is the foundations that we’ve got, these partnerships with TWG and GM,” he said in response to a question from RaceFans.

“It would be incredibly difficult to bring a team in nowadays without that kind of support. I don’t think anybody has ever made commitments both in terms of public statements and, equally important, financial commitment to a new team.

“The investment that has gone in prior to there being a confirmation of entries is really very, very impressive and is a reflection of the commitment that the shareholders have to this sport.”

The new team originally applied to enter F1 under the name Andretti. Cadillac joined the project in November 2023 and, after Formula One Management expressed doubt over the value of the Andretti brand to F1, applied its name to the project.

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Lowden says the manufacturer is fully invested in competing in F1. “It’s obviously a brand of General Motors, GM needs no introduction, but one of the things that I particularly like about the involvement of GM is this is not a ‘putting a sticker on a car’ exercise,” he said. “This is a full involvement of an incredibly technically advanced and technically aware company and it’s extremely good that we can draw upon that.”

Cadillac Formula 1 Team rendering
Cadillac will join the F1 grid next year

He calls TWG a “sporting and commercial powerhouse” whose experience beyond motorsport will also benefit Cadillac. “They have a collection of interests in a very wide range of sports. Not just motorsport, but their portfolio in motorsport is pretty impressive and I think probably unprecedented, actually.

“They also have involvement and ownership in other sports as well, whether it’s NBA, Premier League, also a really wide range of sports. So there’s also insight and perspective that we can draw from there.”

Although Cadillac had to overcome significant opposition from FOM to gain its place on the grid for the 2026 F1 season, Lowden says his new team faces more favourable circumstances as it enters the series than his last one did.

Virgin’s bid to enter F1 was approved in 2009 when the series made its first attempt to introduce a cost cap. Under regulations planned for 2010, newcomers were offered some rules breaks in exchange for committing to a spending limit.

However the regulations were never approved, meaning Virgin and their fellow newcomers found themselves at an immediate competitive disadvantage. It took until 2021 for F1 to finally introduce a spending limit for teams, by which time Virgin and the rest were long gone.

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“The last time I was involved in bringing a new team in the goalposts changed hugely,” said Lowden. “It’s a matter of history now what went through.

Pat Symonds, Graeme Lowden, 2023
Symonds has joined Lowden at Cadillac

“If you remember back to 2009, the battles to try and get something very odd back then called a ‘cost cap’, apparently just became an absolute impossibility and yet now it’s seen as a very positive thing within the sport by all the teams. So there’s been a significant change in the landscape of how you bring in a team.”

The team has already attracted several well-known names within the sport. “Very experienced people are on board like Nick Chester, Pat Symonds, and on the commercial side Caroline McGrory. These are people who’ve spent decades in Formula 1.”

Symonds was a particularly eye-catching hire, as the former F1 engineering director last worked at the series itself, framing the very technical regulations Cadillac and its rivals will compete under next year. However Lowden says that detail was secondary to the team’s interest in hiring him.

“Pat’s an incredibly valuable addition to anybody’s team,” he said. “It’s less that he was involved in the rules, it’s just he’s Pat Symonds and he knows what he’s doing and he’s got vast experience.

“I’ve been racing with him before so it wasn’t a difficult decision for me to look to go racing with Pat again because I know what he can do. Is it helpful that he understands the rule set? Yes, but I think that’s outweighed by just the fact that he’s good at what he does.”

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Given his experience of working for a new team in the past, Lowden is understandably reluctant to set goals, but stresses that “getting on the grid, for us that just has to be a given.”

“We just have to be there and we want to push as hard as we can,” he said. “But it is incredibly difficult to set expectations for a new team for a whole bunch of reasons.

“Yes, we’ve got a lot of experienced people. But also a team operates through a highly complex network of processes and what we don’t yet have – and no new team ever does have – is any kind of validation of the processes themselves.

“A good example would be: yes, we’re very active in the wind tunnel at the moment, but we can’t correlate what the wind tunnel does with the track because we’re not racing. And you can’t just go and race a Formula 1 car on your own, it’s just not allowed under the rules.

“So it’s very, very difficult to set expectations other than in terms of what we are in control of. That [means] delivering the car that we want, on time, with the group of people that we want. All of those things, we hold ourselves to really, really high standards. But in terms of measuring ourselves against others, I think it’s even more complicated than normal.”

However he insists the team will not be satisfied to just make up the numbers. “The ambition […] is limitless,” he said. “Just being part of Formula 1 is not the objective. We do want to be a meaningful part of the competition, but we recognise that that can take time.”

Compared to what he’s experienced before in F1, Lowden believes he has a much better chance of success this time. “In terms of my experience bringing teams in, I’ve never been involved in something that’s so well-structured and so well-backed and so well-funded as well,” he said. “That certainly changes the landscape completely. Not just a little bit: Completely.”

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Cadillac Formula 1 team principal Graeme Lowden has given the first indication of how the team intends to select drivers for its debut next year.

He said the team entered by US carmaking giant General Motors will give serious consideration to running an American driver, but only if they prove competitive enough.

“We’ll definitely select on merit,” Lowden told media including RaceFans today. “Formula 1’s not a playground. This is the pinnacle of world motorsport so, for sure, we need to select drivers on merit.”

The FIA and Formula 1 confirmed last week Cadillac will enter the championship in 2026. Although many drivers are already under contract for 2026, several multiple race winners lost their race seats last year.

Logan Sargeant, Williams, Zandvoort, 2024
Sargeant is not looking for a comeback, says Lowden

“Luckily for us there are a lot of good drivers out there,” Lowden acknowledged. “Unfortunately, we’ve not been able to be in the driver market until the entry is confirmed, so it’s a little bit too early to go too much into any detail, because it’s only now that we’re able to have meaningful conversations. But for sure we want to have drivers that can contribute to the overall programme.”

Lowden acknowledged the speculation that the US team would prefer to have at least one driver from America. There are no US drivers on the grid at present.

“Personally, I see no reason why an American driver can’t be selected on merit,” he said. “It’s certainly something I think the fans would like to see and I see no reason why that can’t happen.”

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“Just because someone’s American doesn’t mean that they can’t be a good Formula 1 driver,” he added. “We’re not starting a team for the short-term.

Colton Herta, Andretti, Nashville, 2024
Herta has ability but not a licence, says Lowden

“The partners have made this commitment into Formula 1 very much for the longer-term. We spoke fairly early on in the process about our desire to also improve opportunities and the ability for the drivers to come through as well.

“We will be looking at some form of academy programme. So looking forward, I see no reason why we won’t have American drivers in the team on merit.”

There are few American drivers with the necessary FIA superlicence points which would allow them to compete in F1. One of the few, Logan Sargeant, lost his drive with Williams in the middle of last year, and Lowden believes he is not looking to return to F1.

“Logan, from my understanding, is no longer involved in motorsport,” he said. “He’s an American but no we haven’t had any conversations with him.”

US IndyCar driver Colton Herta has been linked to the team before, and Cadillac’s consultant Mario Andretti has named him as a potential target. However his lack of superlicence points rules him out for the time being, Lowden acknowledged.

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“He doesn’t have the required number of super licence points and if that were to remain the case then that’s clearly an impediment for him. We can’t choose a driver that doesn’t have the points, that’s just the real world that we live in and we just have to take that into account.

“Does his lack of reaching this or lack of being at the threshold for the superlicence in any way affect his ability to drive a race car? No, he’s an incredibly talented driver and so, for sure, it’s not shock news that we would be looking to consider Colton alongside a whole bunch of other drivers as well.

“Certainly he’s not the only one actually in that situation, and he won’t be the last, where there’s some uncertainty due to superlicence points, But we just have to live with that, that’s the regulation, we just have to respect it.”

Another driver who lost his F1 race seat last year, Zhou Guanyu, has a connection to Lowden via his management team. Lowden praised Zhou’s performance but insisted he will not be given preferential treatment when it comes to selecting the team’s drivers.

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“Zhou has done an exceptionally good job under difficult circumstances over the last couple of years. What makes it actually quite useful for me is he doesn’t necessarily need to explain the background of his abilities because I’ve had a front row seat to see all that, so that’s a benefit.

“There’s the correct checks and balances in place, so there’s no favouritism in any particular direction towards him or any other driver that we may have involvement with, as you know we’ve been involved with other drivers on the grid as well.”

“We’re there to do a job so we’ll select drivers on merit,” he added. “There’s some really good ones out there, Zhou included. Now we’re actually able to actually engage and see what the best driver line-up will be for the team.”

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The Formula 1 grid will expand for the first time in a decade next year following the confirmation Cadillac will join the field.

The opening race of the 2026 F1 season will see 22 cars on the grid. But which drivers will grab the two places at F1’s newest team?

Any new arrival on the grid is always going to value experience. Last year’s upheaval in the driver market means Cadillac could easily pair up two drivers who have started hundreds of grands prix and won more than a few.

However at least one rookie driver has already been linked to the team as well. And there is always the possibility Cadillac could hire one of the 20 drivers already on the grid.

Current drivers

George Russell

Toto Wolff, George Russell, Mercedes, 2025
Russell has a big season ahead of him

With most drivers at top teams locked in beyond the current season, George Russell is the most obvious target for Cadillac. Whether Mercedes firm up his contract for future seasons will be a significant point of interest this year.

Yuki Tsunoda

Red Bull overlooked Yuki Tsunoda for promotion at the end of last year, so now he is beginning his fifth season in the second, junior team. Tsunoda would bring experience at likely a low cost and he’s matured considerably since his early days in F1.

Former drivers

Valtteri Bottas

Valtteri Bottas is a multiple race winner with stacks of experience at a multiple-championship-winning team. He’d be an obvious target for a new team – potentially the only factor working against him is he’s not the only driver with such an attractive CV. His recent experience at a Ferrari customer team should also count in his favour as Cadillac will use prancing horsepower next year.

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Sergio Perez

Sergio Perez, Red Bull, Yas Marina, 2024
Life alongside Max Verstappen took its toll on Perez

Sergio Perez is another driver with similar credentials to Bottas, though he suffered a bruising ejection from Red Bull after the end of last season. Having an enormously popular driver from north America in the team could be a bonus for Cadillac’s marketing division, in much the same way F1’s other US team arrived with Esteban Gutierrez.

Daniel Ricciardo

On paper, Daniel Ricciardo is a terrific candidate for Cadillac: Not only is he an experienced, accomplished driver with multiple grand prix wins, he has great name recognition from his starring appearances in Drive to Survive. However his career appears to be over following his struggles with the current generation of cars at McLaren and RB.

Kevin Magnussen

If Kevin Magnussen does return to F1 it won’t be the first resurrection of his grand prix career – he returned before after exits from McLaren and Haas.

Logan Sargeant

If Cadillac decide they must have an American driver, there’s only one available who’s already raced in F1. However Sargeant’s career came to an ignominious end last year when, having already learned Williams would drop him at the end of the season, he was shown the door nine races early.

Zhou Guanyu

Zhou Guanyu didn’t distinguish himself over three years alongside Bottas, but he’d likely be an inexpensive choice and has used Ferrari power units before.

Mick Schumacher

Ejected by Haas after just two seasons, Mick Schumacher is clearly keen to find a way back into F1, but Cadillac might have the same concerns over him that they do Sargeant.

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New drivers

Colton Herta

Colton Herta, Andretti, Nashville, 2024
Herta’s ex-team mate Lando Norris rates him highly

Nine-times IndyCar race-winner Colton Herta has long been associated with this project through his connection to Andretti. He’s quick enough that Red Bull tried to get him into their second F1 team but were thwarted by the FIA’s superlicence points system which awards fewer point to IndyCar drivers than those in Formula 3. Herta appears somewhat embittered by that experience and has recently played down his chances of getting into F1, even though he now meets the FIA’s criteria.

Alex Palou

If Cadillac chooses to go driver shopping in IndyCar they couldn’t do better than Alex Palou, who has become the series’ new star, winning three titles in his first five years.

Felipe Drugovich

Felipe Drugovich, Aston Martin, 2023
Drugovich remains stuck on the sidelines for now

The 2022 Formula 2 champion has unquestionably paid his dues in the junior categories and has waited patiently for a chance to make his F1 debut. That opportunity has not come yet at Aston Martin and he must surely be considering a move elsewhere.

Theo Pourchaire

Drugovich’s successor flitted around last year, making a brief appearance in Super Formula, then switching to IndyCar where he appeared to find a home at McLaren, only to lose his place.

Jak Crawford

A former Red Bull junior, now backed by Aston Martin, Cadillac would be wise to keep an eye on how Crawford gets on in F2 this year as his experience of F1 circuits could make him a better pick among the potential US drivers.

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Over to you

Which two drivers do you think Cadillac should target for its Formula 1 team? Have your say in the comments.

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Cadillac Formula 1 Team rendering


Cadillac will join the Formula 1 grid as a competitor for the first time next year, the championship has confirmed.

The F1 grid will grow to 22 cars for the first time since the 2016 season in order to accommodate the arrival of the General Motors brand.

The confirmation of Cadillac’s arrival comes over two years after the FIA invited applicants to join the world championship. In October 2023 it selected the entry from Andretti Global to join the grid.

Cadillac announced in November 2023 it would join the Andretti as a power unit supplier in 2028. But despite the backing of the American carmaking giant, Formula One Management blocked Andretti’s entry in January last year.

Following months of further lobbying by Cadillac and the FIA, FOM relented. In November last year it announced the team, now rebranded as Cadillac and operated by TWG Motorsports, had an agreement in principle to join the grid.

This article will be updated.

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Formula One Management expects to formally approve the expansion of the grid to accommodate Cadillac as an 11th team in the near future.

The FIA and FOM confirmed in November the American carmaking giant had an “agreement in principle” to join the grid next year.

With the new F1 season due to start next week, F1 CEO Stefano Domenicali indicated confirmation of the grid’s expansion next season is imminent.

“There is the formality that is related to the process that [is] almost ready. Together with the FIA there has to be an update and whenever this will be ready, it should be not too long, there will be an update to formalise what basically has already happened. So they will be ready to fight against or together with the other teams for next year.”

Over two years have passed since the team originally applied to enter the championship. The FIA approved its application, originally made by Andretti Global, in October 2023.

Andretti subsequently attracted the backing of Cadillac as its future power unit supplier. Despite this, FOM rejected the team’s bid to enter the series in January last year, saying adding an 11th competitor “would not, in and of itself, provide value to the championship.”

FOM reversed its position later in the year and granted entry to the operation, which is now branded as Cadillac’s F1 team. Domenicali denied FOM had resisted the expansion of the grid when he spoke to investors last week.

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“It’s important to clarify that position,” he said. “We always said that Cadillac is giving, and will give, an incredible boost to the ecosystem of Formula 1. We were referring to other situations that were handled before, but now the picture is totally different.

“I think that Cadillac is preparing the entry – in terms of preparing the season, because it would not be an easy situation for them to be in such a high-tech and evolved sporting platform – they are doing everything in order to show how Cadillac is really involved into the sport.”

“GM […] want to be a real constructor or a manufacturer that will invest in our sport because they do believe in the technological platform that the F1 can provide to their system,” he added. “So I’m very, very happy that now this is on board, moving forward, and looking forward to see them on the track together with the other teams to fight for a great championship.”

Domenicali said the arrival of Andretti will not have implications for the next Concorde Agreement, which defines the relationship between FOM and the teams, and is due to come into force next year.

“There’s no impact at all with the current discussion of the Concorde Agreement,” he said. “Concorde is done by two major elements. One is the financial one that is related to the commercialisation and the marketing side of it. That discussion is between us and the teams and we are in a good position on that.

“The other topic or the other part of it is the governance. Of course, we need to work together with the FIA and the teams, and on that, we’re working in order to respect the dates. There’s no time pressure because we are all working as partners and we want to find the best solution for the sport.

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“This is something that we’re going to do even with one more team together into the future because of course Cadillac will be part of it and it will have a voice as the others into the future.”

Most of F1’s current teams resisted the expansion of the grid as they were concerned about a potential loss of earnings if FOM split the prize fund between 11 teams instead of 10. However Derek Chang, who replaced Greg Maffei as CEO of FOM’s owner Liberty Media last year, says their goal is to continue increasing the overall prize fund so teams’ earnings increase.

“In my early days here I have had the opportunity to meet with some of the teams over the last month or so and I think the relationship between Formula 1 and the teams has never been stronger,” he said. “I’ve heard a lot of good positive affirmation of that in terms of what Liberty has done since we acquired F1 and I think people really are excited about the future and growing the overall pie in terms of the economics of what the sport can deliver. Specifically on the Concorde Agreement and our splits with the teams, Stefano already remarked on the fact that hopefully we get the Concorde Agreement done soon.

“At this point the entry of an 11th team has not really impacted sort of that discussion per se and if you think about it, it doesn’t impact the splits between us and the team. It certainly is an 11th team in terms of the allocations amongst the teams themselves, but again, I think with the entry of a group like GM, the hope and the thought here is that we continue to grow the overall pie for Formula 1 and the Formula 1 ecosystem.”

The Cadillac Formula 1 team is part of TWG Motorsports, which was formed by investment company TWG Global last week to run its motorsport operations, including Andretti Global and others.

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Cadillac plans to move into a new facility in Concord, North Carolina in 2027 to build its Formula 1 engines, government documents revealed.

The General Motors brand has an agreement in principle to join the Formula 1 field next year. Cadillac has a contract to use Ferrari power units in its first season but intends to begin using its own hybrid motors in 2028.

The details of the manufacturer’s plans for its facilities were revealed in the agenda of a forthcoming meeting of Concord city council. Cadillac intends to begin construction of its new facility this year and move into it at the beginning of 2027.

“Motorsport IP Acquisition […] proposes to develop a site to support the development of the power unit (engine) for the Cadillac F1 vehicle,” the council agenda states. “This project aims to design and test a state-of-the-art engine capable of meeting Formula 1’s rigorous performance and efficiency standards.

“With an ambitious timeline, the goal is to have the engine ready for integration into a vehicle by 2028, ensuring Cadillac’s competitive debut in Formula 1. It is anticipated that construction would commence in the first quarter of 2025, with occupancy in the first quarter of 2027.”

Cadillac has already begun work on its first F1 power unit. The project is headed by Russ O’Blenes, CEO of GM Performance Power Units.

The council noted the manufacturer intends to invest up to $85 million (£68.75m) in the property. It will consider whether to provide a grant of almost $750,000.

The city expects Cadillac’s F1 project will generate hundreds of high-paying jobs. “The project would involve significant investment in new manufacturing, R&D and information technology equipment, and the hiring of 300 to 350 highly skilled employees in manufacturing, engineering, and research and development with an average wage of $100,000 to $125,000 per year,” it noted.

“In order to facilitate an accelerated project timeline and the need to construct a new facility in North Carolina to accommodate the project, it is anticipated that initial operations will occur at an existing General Motors facility in Concord, NC located at 4540 Fortune Way NW, until the new facility at 4295 Defender Way is constructed.”

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